Hydrobiological Aspects of Fatty Acids: Unique, Rare, and Unusual Fatty Acids Incorporated into Linear and Cyclic Lipopeptides and Their Biological Activity

The study of lipopeptides and their related compounds produced by various living organisms from bacteria to marine invertebrates is fundamental interest for medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, practical clinical medicine. Using the principles retrosynthetic analysis linear cyclic peptides, pharmacological activity unique, unusual, rare fatty acids (FA) that are part natural was investigated. To search new biologically active metabolites sources, more than 350 FA incorporated into peptides isolated bacteria, cyanobacteria, microalgae, invertebrates, fungal endophytes, microorganisms sediments presented. Biological activities have been studied experimentally in laboratories, as well data obtained using QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships) algorithms. According obtained, several were identified demonstrated strong antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, or antitumor activity. Along with this, found shown properties such antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-helmintic, anti-inflammatory, anti-psoriatic, anti-ischemic, anti-infective activities. In addition, potential regulators lipid metabolism, agents treatment acute neurological disorders, atherosclerosis multiple sclerosis. For 36 FA, 3D graphs presented, which demonstrate predicted calculated